It dries it out which makes it snag and snarl with nearby hairs. Which is what is necessary to have it lock up without taking years to do it.
It is very true that baking soda treatments change the hair follicles. I had to brush out my first set after eight months(bummer!!!!) and noticed the damage right away. Deep conditioning only did a small amount to help it. Then I recommitted to having locks again after I got my head out of my ass and haven't looked back.
Once the hair is firmly locked you don't worry about damage to individual hairs. The locks make it strong as rope.
Ask Soaring Eagle. He tells stories all the time about how he's nearly skidded his wheelchair to a stop when his locks get caught on something. lol
Locks are very strong.
Just, John, whatever you do, do NOT mix ACV with BS. That's like a Chem. 101 NO-NO!!
We've had to set a few noobs straight about that from time to time. It's a major hair killer.